The pigtail can be easily spliced into a fiber-optic cable inside a cable connection box. A pigtail splice is a factory-made connection on one end of a short piece of fiber-optic cable. Termination of cables in the field is usually made by utilizing a pigtail splicing method. The termination connector must be sized in accordance with the diameter of the core material it is terminating. (Siecor Corporation, Hickory, NC)įiber-optic cable cores are sized in micrometers (μm). Lab splices are used as a temporary splice for lab or test purposes. It is intended solely for use as a temporary splice.įigure 4. It is used to conveniently make connections to metering devices and lab experiments. One such lab splice is shown in Figure 4. In this case, a convenient method is needed for testing and laboratory purposes. This type of splice does not need to be made to such a high degree of accuracy. Damage to the cladding will result in signal loss.Īt times, a temporary splice may be needed. A mismatch of sealing agent to core material can cause a grossly exaggerated signal loss.Ĭare must also be taken to protect the cladding on the core when preparing cables for splicing. This type of loss can be minimized by using a sealing material with a refraction index that closely matches the index of the glass or plastic fiber-optic core material. All glass and plastic core materials, sealing materials, and air has different refraction indices or properties. They commonly occur at connection points due to the differences in refraction properties of cable core material, the connector materials used for sealing the connector, or air. Fresnel losses are due to differences in refraction. This loss is referred to as a Fresnel reflection loss. Where two different materials are joined together, there will be a loss. A microprocessor-controlled fusion splicer. It is equipped with video cameras and a liquid crystal display for a close, simultaneous inspection of the splice at two different angles.įigure 3. This fusion splicer performs all the functions just described and more. This tool is usually found in combination with tools that cut the fiber, polish the ends, and then fuse the ends together for near-flawless splicing called a fusion splice.Ī fusion splicing is the joining together of two cores using heat to fuse or melt the materials together. Since the cable diameter is very small, a microscope with at least 30× magnification is necessary to inspect the cut and splice. The splicing equipment has an eyepiece located at the top of the tool. Special equipment is utilized for making splices. The light will scatter in many different directions rather than transfer directly to the next cable or connector. Marks or scratches on the ends of the core material will result in a tremendous loss of light signal due to reflection and refraction. Plastic core cables need not be cleaved, but an extremely sharp cutter must be used to obtain a clean, clear-cut. Figure 2 shows a high-quality fiber cleaver.įigure 2. Traditional cutting tools used for wire cable would badly scar the ends of the core. The scribe and breaking action produces a clean, clear surface at the end of the core. Once the core has been scribed, the pressure is applied to the scribed area until the core breaks. To cleave the fiber core, it must be scribed with a sharp cleaving tool edge made of diamond or ceramic material. Application of Insulation on high-temperature wire expands material options for insulation, as well as the prospect of its industrial use and availability in a variety of thicknesses.Ī glass core fiber-optic cable is cleaved, not cut like a regular wire conductor. To minimize the risk of irreversible cable damage, all of these wires are individually insulated and surrounded by superconducting tapes as the dielectric. High-temperature wires are extremely efficient superconducting devices. ZW cables offers various types of wires and cable used in the wiring in buildings. Common causes of signal loss at splice points. Misalignment or another improper splicing will result in loss of signal strength. The cores must be in near-perfect alignment when splices are made. Splicing, couplings, and connections require special equipment and techniques. In the field, factors such as dirt, dust, and chemicals can hamper the cable splicing and termination connector installation. However, these types of installations are not always possible. Fiber optic splicing is a technique which is used to join two fiber optic cables together.
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